A team of twelve conducted this week's survey under mostly cloudy skies and cold temperatures. The four kinds of galls shown below were all found on a single live oak. They are all initiated in response to gall wasps' ovipositing (egg laying) and the resulting grubs feed within the specialized growths the tree produces. The fifth image in the set is actually a scale insect that also infests live oaks. Select Photos and Complete List of Sightings: Panorpa nuptialis (scorpionfly, female) photo by Joe Fernandes Trogomorpha arrogans (ichneumon) photo by Katherine Daniels Agapostemon sp. (green sweat bee) photo by Sam Fruehling top left to bottom right: Spallanzania sp., Peleteria sp., Archytas sp. & Gonia sp. (tachinid flies) photo by Joe Fernandes, Oscar Vaz, Katherine Daniels & Val Bugh Falco columbarius (merlin) photo by Sam Fruehling Pipilo maculatus (spotted towhee) photo by Beth Kirkhart Turdus migratorius (American robin) photo by Annelia Williams Oreothlypis celata (orange-crowned warbler) photo by Bill Boyd Hemiargus isola (Reakirt's blue) photo by Oscar Vaz Strymon istapa (mallow scrub-hairstreak) photo by Oscar Vaz Pyrgus philetas (desert checkered-skipper) photo by Beth Kirkhart top left: Callirhytis quercusbatatoides (southern live oak stem gall) top right: Disholcaspis cinerosa (mealy oak gall) bottom left: Andricus quercusfoliatus (leafy oak gall) bottom center: Belonocnema kinseyi & Andricus quercuslanigera (leaf galls) bottom right: Allokermes sp. (gall-like scale) photo by Val Bugh Phoebis sennae (cloudless sulphur pupa) photo by Harriett Wolf Antheraea polyphemus (Polyphemus moth larva) photo by Val Bugh Xysticus sp. & Unknown sp. (crab spider eating ground beetle) photo by Joe Fernandes Cicurina sp. (hahniid spider) photo by Beth Kirkhart Dictyna sp. (meshweb weaver) photo by Katherine Daniels Cheiracanthium inclusum (sac spider) photo by Katherine Daniels Abacion texense (crested millipede) photo by Beth Kirkhart Sceloporus olivaceus (Texas spiny lizard) photo by Katherine Daniels Birds: American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) American Goldfinch (Spinus tristis) American Pipit (Anthus rubescens) American Robin (Turdus migratorius) Bewick's Wren (Thryomanes bewickii) Black-crested Titmouse (Baeolophus atricristatus) Blue Jay (Cyanocitta cristata) Carolina Chickadee (Poecile carolinensis) Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) Common Raven (Corvus corax) Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis) Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis) Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe) Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla) Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca) Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) Greater Roadrunner (Geococcyx californianus) Harris's Sparrow (Zonotrichia querula) Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) Hutton's Vireo (Vireo huttoni) Ladder-backed Woodpecker (Dryobates scalaris) Lesser Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria) Lincoln's Sparrow (Melospiza lincolnii) Meadowlark (Sturnella sp.) Merlin (Falco columbarius) Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura) Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) Northern Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos) Orange-crowned Warbler (Oreothlypis celata) Red-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta canadensis) Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula) Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) Spotted Towhee (Pipilo maculatus) Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura) Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus) White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) White-winged Dove (Zenaida asiatica) Woodhouse's Scrub-jay (Aphelocoma woodhouseii) Yellow-rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata) Mammals: White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Eastern Fox Squirrel (Sciurus niger) Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), fresh scat Northern Raccoon (Procyon lotor), fresh scat Coyote (Canis latrans), fresh scat Reptiles & Fish: Redstripe Ribbon Snake (Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus) Texas Spiny Lizard (Sceloporus olivaceus) Ground Skink (Scincella lateralis) Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) Misc.: Julid Millipede (Aniulus sp.) Crested Millipede (Abacion texense) Stone Centipede (Unknown sp.) Sowbug (Porcellionides sp.) Scud (Hyalella sp.) Harvestman (Leiobunum sp.) Striped Bark Scorpion (Centruroides vittatus) Insects & Spiders: order family genus/species common name lepidoptera   nymphalidae   Agraulis vanillae   Gulf Fritillary (adult & larva)       Euptoieta claudia   Variegated Fritillary       Danaus gilippus   Queen       Danaus plexippus   Monarch       Junonia coenia   Common Buckeye       Vanessa cardui   Painted Lady    pieridae   Zerene cesonia   Southern Dogface       Colias eurytheme   Orange Sulphur       Nathalis iole   Dainty Sulphur       Eurema nicippe   Sleepy Orange (adult & larva)       Phoebis sennae   Cloudless Sulphur (adult & pupa)    papilionidae   Battus philenor   Pipevine Swallowtail (adult & larva)       Papilio cresphontes   Giant Swallowtail (adult & larva)    lycaenidae   Strymon melinus   Gray Hairstreak       Strymon istapa   Mallow Scrub-hairstreak       Hemiargus isola   Reakirt's Blue       Hemiargus ceraunus   Ceraunus Blue    hesperiidae   Atalopedes campestris   Sachem       Lerema accius   Clouded Skipper       Lerodea eufala   Eufala Skipper       Copaeodes minima   Southern Skipperling       Pyrgus communis/albescens   Common/White Checkered-skipper       Pyrgus philetas   Desert Checkered-skipper    noctuidae   Chloridea virescens   Tobacco Budworm (larva)       Schinia chrysellus   Broomweed Flower Moth (larva)    erebidae   Caenurgina erechtea   Forage Looper Moth    arctiidae   Estigmene acrea   Salt Marsh Moth (larva)    sphingidae   Hemaris diffinis   Snowberry Clearwing (larva)    saturniidae   Antheraea polyphemus   Polyphemus Moth    geometridae   Iridopsis defectaria   Brown-shaded Gray Moth       Synchlora frondaria   Camouflaged Looper (larva)       Eupithecia miserulata   Common Eupithecia (larva)    crambidae   Pyrausta sp.   Pyrausta Moth (larva)       Uresiphita reversalis   Genista Caterpillar Moth       Nomophila nearctica   Lucerne Moth       Microcrambus croesus   Grass-veneer Moth    pyralidae   Homoeosoma electella   Sunflower Moth    gelechiidae   Helcystogramma melantherella   Moth (larva)    plutellidae   Plutella xylostella   Diamondback Moth coleoptera   chrysomelidae   Diabrotica undecimpunctata   Spotted Cucumber Beetle    coccinellidae   Coccinella septempunctata   Seven-spotted Lady Beetle       Cycloneda sanguinea   Red Lady Beetle    carabidae   Pasimachus californicus   Ground Beetle       Cyclotrachelus substriatus   Ground Beetle    meloidae   Epicauta pennsylvanica   Black Blister Beetle    tenebrionidae   Eleodes fusiformis   Desert Stink Beetle    attelabidae   Haplorhynchites sp.   Flower Weevil    curculionidae   Curculio sp.   Nut Weevil hemiptera   coreidae   Chelinidea vittiger   Opuntia Bug (nymph)    alydidae   Hyalymenus tarsatus   Texas Bow-legged Bug (nymph)    largidae   Largus sp.   Largus Bug    lygaeidae   Lygaeus kalmii   Small Milkweed Bug       Oncopeltus fasciatus   Large Milkweed Bug    rhopalidae   Niesthrea louisianica   Scentless Plant Bug (adult & nymph)    miridae   Polymerus basalis   Plant Bug       Taylorilygus apicalis   Plant Bug    veliidae   Microvelia sp.   Small Water Strider    nabidae   Nabis sp.   Damsel Bug (nymph)    pentatomidae   Thyanta custator   Stink Bug (adult & nymph)       Euschistus quadrator   Stink Bug       Euschistus sp.   Stink Bug (nymph)       Chinavia hilaris   Green Stink Bug       Trichopepla semivittata   Stink Bug homoptera   cicadellidae   Balclutha neglecta   Leafhopper       Graphocephala hieroglyphica   Leafhopper       Exitianus exitiosus   Gray Lawn Leafhopper    acanaloniidae   Acanalonia parva   Planthopper    cercopidae   Clastoptera sp.   Spittlebug    kermesidae   Allokermes sp.   Gall-like Scale    dactylopiidae   Dactylopius sp.   Cochineal Insect hymenoptera   halictidae   Agapostemon sp.   Green Sweat Bee       Lasioglossum sp.   Sweat Bee       Halictus ligatus   Furrow Bee    vespidae   Polistes exclamans   Paper Wasp       Polistes dorsalis   Paper Wasp       Polistes rubiginosus   Red Wasp       Vespula squamosa   Southern Yellowjacket    pompilidae   Entypus sp.   Spider Wasp    cynipidae   Callirhytis quercusbatatoides   Southern Live Oak Stem Gall (larva)       Belonocnema kinseyi   Leaf Gall (larva)       Andricus quercusfoliatus   Leafy Oak Gall (larva)       Andricus quercuslanigera   Wool-bearing Gall Wasp (larva)       Disholcaspis cinerosa   Mealy Oak Gall (larva)    ichneumonidae   Trogomorpha arrogans   Ichneumon       Compsocryptus sp.   Ichneumon    argidae   Sphacophilus argutus   Sawfly (larva) diptera   syrphidae   Dioprosopa clavata   Flower Fly       Allograpta obliqua   Flower Fly       Allograpta exotica   Flower Fly       Toxomerus marginatus   Flower Fly       Palpada vinetorum   Flower Fly       Copestylum tamaulipanum   Flower Fly       Copestylum avidum   Flower Fly       Helophilus latifrons   Flower Fly    bombyliidae   Poecilanthrax lucifer   Bee Fly       Geron sp.   Bee Fly    tachinidae   Peleteria sp.   Tachinid Fly       Archytas sp.   Tachinid Fly       Gonia sp.   Tachinid Fly       Spallanzania sp.   Tachinid Fly       Cylindromyia sp.   Tachinid Fly    calliphoridae   Cochliomyia macellaria   Secondary Screwworm Fly       Chrysomya rufifacies   Hairy Maggot Blow Fly    sarcophagidae   Unknown sp.   Flesh Fly    limoniidae   Limonia communis   Crane Fly    culicidae   Unknown sp.   Mosquito odonata   coenagrionidae   Enallagma civile   Familiar Bluet    libellulidae   Sympetrum corruptum   Variegated Meadowhawk       Sympetrum vicinum   Autumn Meadowhawk    aeshnidae   Anax junius   Common Green Darner orthoptera   acrididae   Melanoplus ponderosus   Ponderous Grasshopper       Melanoplus differentialis   Differential Grasshopper       Melanoplus femurrubrum   Red-legged Grasshopper       Melanoplus plebejus   Plebeian Grasshopper       Melanoplus discolor   Contrasting Spurthroat Grasshopper       Syrbula admirabilis   Handsome Grasshopper       Orphulella speciosa   Pasture Grasshopper       Eritettix abortivus   Texas Short-winged Slant-faced Grasshopper (nymph)       Schistocerca lineata   Spotted Bird Grasshopper       Hippiscus ocelote   Wrinkled Grasshopper       Encoptolophus costalis   Dusky Grasshopper       Arphia simplex   Plains Yellow-winged Grasshopper (adult & nymph)    tettigoniidae   Conocephalus strictus   Straight-lanced Meadow Katydid    gryllidae   Gryllus sp.   Field Cricket (nymph) isoptera   termitidae   Gnathamitermes sp.   Long-jawed Desert Termite mantodea   mantidae   Stagmomantis carolina   Carolina Mantis (egg) phasmatodea   diapheromeridae   Pseudosermyle strigata   Walking Stick dermaptera   anisolabididae   Euborellia annulipes   Ring-legged Earwig (nymph) neuroptera   chrysopidae   Chrysoperla rufilabris   Green Lacewing       Chrysoperla plorabunda   Green Lacewing       Unknown sp.   Green Lacewing (pupa) mecoptera   panorpidae   Panorpa nuptialis   Scorpionfly archaeognatha   meinertellidae   Unknown sp.   Rock Bristletail araneae   oxyopidae   Peucetia viridans   Green Lynx    dictynidae   Dictyna sp.   Meshweb Weaver    miturgidae   Cheiracanthium inclusum   Sac Spider    theridiidae   Steatoda triangulosa   Checkered Cobweb Weaver       Latrodectus mactans   Southern Black Widow    thomisidae   Xysticus sp.   Crab Spider    lycosidae   Schizocosa sp.   Wolf Spider    hahniidae   Cicurina sp.   Spider    pholcidae   Pholcus phalangioides   Long-bodied Cellar Spider       Holocnemus pluchei   Marbled Cellar Spider       Crossopriza lyoni   Cellar Spider    dipluridae   Euagrus chisoseus   Funnelweb Spider